Lake Biwa: Japan’s Largest Lake in Shiga Prefecture, Legends, and Spiritual Wonders

Lake Biwa, the main natural wonder of Shiga Prefecture and Japan's largest freshwater lake, acts as a refuge for nature lovers and those wanting a break from modern life's stresses. Resembling a traditional biwa lute, this vast lake covers 670 square kilometers and has attracted visitors for centuries because of its peaceful appeal and healing qualities. Its lasting charm comes from a perfect mix of scenic beauty, cultural history, and calm atmosphere.

Shirahige Shrine Torii that floats in Biwa Lake

Surrounded by mountains that resemble a scene from a masterful painting, Lake Biwa offers many ways to enjoy its clear waters. Whether kayaking across its sparkling surface, paddleboarding at dawn, or fishing for the day’s catch, the lake provides memorable experiences. Locals gather along its shores for barbecues, with the lively sound of canned Sapporo beers punctuating their laughter—a warm reminder of simple pleasures in life. Scenic cruises, especially during cherry blossom season or autumn's colorful foliage, offer unmatched views of the lake’s breathtaking scenery.

Mr. Daidarabotchi

Lake Biwa’s importance extends beyond its physical waters; it is deeply embedded in legend and spirituality. According to myth, the lake was formed by the enormous yokai Daidarabotchi, whose dark skin and massive form shaped the landscape. One story recounts how this giant scooped up earth to create Lake Biwa while also forming Mt. Fuji, shaping it with the same careful attention a child gives to a sandcastle. Although fantastical, the story reflects the lake's awe-inspiring presence.

In Shiga, a deep culture of gratitude surrounds water, recognizing its life-giving power. This spirituality is reflected in local traditions like Noh theater, where performances often focus on themes of nature and the divine. One of the most sacred spots in the region is Chikubushima, a small island north of the lake. Known as the "Island of the Gods," it has been a place of worship since ancient times. Home to Hogonji Temple and Tsukubusuma Shrine, the island stands as a spiritual power spot, drawing pilgrims and seekers who feel its unique energy.

Chikubushima Island, 竹生島， Lake Biwa, Japan

High above the lake, the iconic Mt. Hiei is home to Enryaku-ji Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site and the birthplace of Tendai Buddhism. This monumental complex is said to carry the literal light of Buddha, preserved in a candle that has burned continuously for over 1,000 years. As you walk through its sacred halls, you are not only greeted with sweeping views of Lake Biwa’s western shores but also immersed in a space where Buddhist monks once trained rigorously. Enryaku-ji’s teachings, centered on the Lotus Sutra, highlight the potential for all beings to achieve enlightenment—a profound reflection of the harmony between humanity and nature.

Lake Biwa, on the other (east) side of Mt Hiei.

On the eastern coast, the historic town of Hikone provides a trip back in time. Famous for its rich feudal past, it is home to Hikone Castle, one of Japan’s best-preserved Edo-period fortresses. From the castle’s watchtower, you can almost picture the unwavering gaze of samurai, their loyalty and vigilance forever connected to the lake below.

Those looking for relaxation will find Lake Biwa’s shores lined with soothing onsens, inviting restaurants, and charming bars. Whether you’re soaking in a hot spring with a lakeside view or enjoying a meal made from local ingredients, the lake provides the perfect mix of calm and indulgence. Its timeless beauty has long inspired poets, artists, and travelers seeking a deeper connection with nature.

Ready to experience the magic of Lake Biwa for yourself? Check out the MK GUIDE for tailored recommendations that will elevate your visit to this enchanting destination.

Let MK be your personal guide to Lake Biwa, Japan’s largest lake in Shiga Prefecture. Immerse yourself in Lake Biwa’s history, legends, and spiritual wonders, including Chikubushima and Enryaku-ji Temple. Take advantage of our exceptional hospitality to ensure your journey is seamless and unforgettable. With our luxury vehicles and English-speaking drivers, you can customize a sightseeing trip to explore the lake’s serene beauty, cultural depth, and nearby attractions at your own pace. MK SHIGA